家庭参与式健康教育在脑卒中患者康复护理中的应用价值

Application value of family participatory health education in the rehabilitation nursing of stroke patients

目的探讨家庭参与式健康教育在脑卒中患者康复护理中的应用价值。方法回顾性选取2021年1月至2022年3月镇江市第一人民医院诊治的96例脑卒中患者的临床资料,根据干预方式的不同,将患者分为对照组(常规健康教育)和观察组(家庭参与式健康教育),各48例。比较2组患者的神经功能、日常生活能力、心理状态、生活质量、运动能力和并发症发生情况。结果干预3个月后,2组的美国国立卫生院卒中量表、抑郁自评量表和焦虑自评量表评分均较干预前降低;干预6个月后,2组的上述评分均较干预前和干预3个月后降低;干预3个月和6个月后,观察组的上述评分均比同期对照组更低,上述比较均有统计学差异(P均<0.05)。2组在干预3个月后的Barthel指数、卒中专门生存质量量表和Fugl-Meyer运动功能量表评分均较干预前提高;干预6个月后,2组的上述评分均较干预前和干预3个月后提高;干预3个月和6个月后,观察组的上述评分均比同期对照组更高,上述比较均有统计学差异(P均<0.05)。观察组的并发症总发生率较对照组低(P<0.05)。结论家庭参与式健康教育可改善脑卒中患者的神经功能和心理状态,提高其日常生活能力、生活质量和运动能力,且能降低并发症发生率。

Objective To explore the application value of family participatory health education in the rehabilitation nursing of stroke patients.Methods The clinical data of 96 stroke patients treated in Zhenjiang First People's Hospital from January 2021 to March 2022 were retrospective analyzed.The patients were divided into the control group(conventional health education)and the observation group(family participatory health education)according to different intervention methods,each with 48 cases.The neurological function,activities of daily living,psychological status,quality of life,motor ability,and incidence of complications of the two groups were compared.Results After 3 months of intervention,the scores of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,Self-Rating Depression Scale,and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale in both groups were decreased compared with those before the intervention.After 6 months of intervention,the above scores in both groups were decreased compared with those before the intervention and after 3 months of intervention.After 3 and 6 months of intervention,the above scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group.The differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).After 3 months of intervention,the scores of Barthel Index,Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale,and Fugl-Meyer Assessment in both groups were increased compared with those before the intervention.After 6 months of intervention,the above scores in both groups were increased compared with those before the intervention and after 3 months of intervention.After 3 and 6 months of intervention,the above scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group.The differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The overall incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Family participatory health education can improve the neurological function and psychological status of stroke patients,improve their ability to perform activities of daily living,quality of life and motor ability,and reduce the incidence of complications.