老年住院患者衰弱与护理依赖的相关性

Correlation between frailty and nursing dependence in elderly inpatients

目的探讨老年住院患者衰弱与护理依赖的相关性,为临床衰弱老年患者护理依赖的识别和管理提供参考依据。方法2021年2—8月对广州某三甲医院158例老年住院患者采用一般资料调查表、Frail量表、中文版依赖性评估量表开展横断面调查。通过单因素及多因素分析,分析衰弱与护理依赖的相关性。结果158例老年住院患者衰弱得分为1.96±1.53分,其中衰弱患者65例(41.1%),衰弱前期者55例(34.8%),无衰弱者38例(24.1%)。护理依赖发生率为100%,护理依赖得分为8.85±8.11分,轻、中、重度依赖的患者分别为96例(60.8%),53例(33.5%),9例(5.7%)。衰弱与护理依赖呈显著正相关(r=0.629,P<0.01)。多因素线性回归分析结果显示,在控制了年龄、进食方式、有无吞咽困难、有无排便障碍、有无压力性损伤、有无身体锻炼等因素后,衰弱仍然与护理依赖有关系(P<0.05),且在诸多因素中关系最为密切。结论老年住院患者衰弱水平越高,护理依赖水平越高,临床护理人员应高度关注衰弱患者的护理依赖情况,开展早期评估与干预措施,尽可能降低患者依赖程度,满足患者的护理需求,避免跌倒、失能、死亡等不良事件的发生。

Objective To explore the correlation between frailty and nursing dependence in elderly inpatients,so as to identify and manage nursing dependence in elderly patients with clinical frailty to provide a reference basis.Methods A crosssectional survey was conducted among 158 elderly inpatients in a ClassⅢGrade A hospital in Guangzhou from February to August 2021 by taking the general information questionnaire,frail scale and chinese version of dependency assessment scale.The correlation between frailty and nursing dependence was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results The frailty score of 158 elderly inpatients was 1.96±1.53 points,including 65 cases(41.1%)of frailty,55 cases(34.8%)of pre-frailty and 38 cases(24.1%)of non-frailty.The incidence of nursing dependence was 100%,and the score of nursing dependence was 8.85±8.11 points.The patients with mild,moderate and severe dependence were 96 cases(60.8%),53 cases(33.5%)and 9 cases(5.7%),respectively.Frailty was positively correlated with nursing dependence(r=0.629,P<0.01).The results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that frailty was still related to nursing dependence after controlling for age,eating style,dysphagia,defecation disorder,pressure injury,physical exercise and other factors(P<0.05),and it was the most closely related among many factors.Conclusion The higher the level of frailty in elderly inpatients,the higher the level of nursing dependence.Clinical nurses should pay highly attention on the nursing dependence of frailty patients,carry out early assessment and intervention measures,reduce the degree of dependence of patients as much as possible,meet the nursing needs of patients,avoid the occurrence of adverse events such as falls,disability and death.