甘肃省高原环境中人群牙周菌群研究

Analysis of periodontal flora in plateau environment of Gansu Province

目的探索甘肃省高原环境中部分人群的牙周菌群特征,为高原地区人群牙周疾病的防治提供参考。方法选择海拔2884 m的甘肃省甘南地区20名高原武警官兵的牙菌斑样本,分为健康组、牙龈炎组及牙周炎组。采用16S rDNA高通量测序手段检测样本中的菌群并分析群落信息。结果测序结果按97%相似度聚类得到2147个分类单元,涵盖了14门、21纲、33目、59科、114属的细菌。健康组的优势菌属均为革兰氏阴性菌,牙龈炎组以厌氧菌居多,牙周炎组均为革兰氏阴性厌氧菌。α多样性指数各组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),β多样性各组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对健康组影响较大的菌种为奈瑟菌、纤毛菌及二氧化碳噬纤维杆菌;对牙龈炎组影响较大的菌种为梭菌;对牙周炎组影响较大的菌种主要为密螺旋体及甲烷短杆菌。结论高原环境对牙周菌群产生影响,本研究样本中的牙周菌群整体上以厌氧菌居多,将为高原地区牙周疾病的防治提供依据。

Objective To explore the characteristics of periodontal flora in a plateau environment.Methods The dental plaque samples of 20 plateau armed police in Gannan,Gansu Province stationing at an altitude of 2884 meters,were selected as the research objects and divided into the healthy group,the gingivitis group and the periodontitis group.The 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing method was used to detect the flora in the samples and analyze the community information.Results Sequencing results showed that 2147 operational taxonomic units were clustered by a 97%similarity,covering 14 phyla,21 classes,33 orders,59 families and 114 genera.Through an analysis of community composition,the dominant genera in the healthy group were Gram-negative bacteria,most of which were anaerobes in the gingivitis group and Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria in the periodontitis group.There was no significant difference inαdiversity index(P>0.05),whileβdiversity showed significant difference between groups,which was statistically significant(P<0.05).Neisseria,Leptotrichia and Capnocytophaga were the most influential species in the healthy group.Clostridium was the most influential species in the gingivitis group.Spirocheta and Methanobrevibacter were the main factors asserting a great influence on the periodontitis group.Conclusion The plateau environment has an impact on periodontal flora,and anaerobic bacteria are the majority of periodontal flora in this study sample,which can provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases in a plateau area.