出入理学与佛教之间:论明代中期“理学名臣”丘濬的佛教观

Blending Neo-Confucianism with Buddhism:On Famous“Neo-Confucianist”Qiujun’s(丘濬) View of Buddhism

丘濬是明代中期的“理学名臣”、宰辅高官。他尊奉程朱理学,视佛教为“异端”,要求禁绝佛教,强调抑制佛教势力,去除日常生活中的佛教习俗,同时他也赞扬、信奉佛教,宣传慧能及广东地区在中国佛教史上的地位,与僧人交游,出入理学与佛教之间。丘濬的佛教观建立在理学根基之上,因此杂糅矛盾,官职、身份地位以及社会大环境、地域小环境等都发挥着形塑作用。丘濬的佛教观是明代中期官员士人佛教观的缩影。

Qiu Jun(丘濬)was a high-ranking official,a member of royal cabinet and also a well-known Neo-Confucianist in the mid-Ming Dynasty.On the one hand,Qiu Jun respected Neo-Confucianism and regarded Buddhism as a heresy,insisting on harsh control and prohibition against Buddhism,and the elimination of Buddhist customs in daily life;on the other hand,he also commended and believed in Buddhism,promoting the status of Huineng(慧能)and Guangdong area in the history of Chinese Buddhism.He made friends with monks,and blended Neo-Confucianism with Buddhism,which seems contradictory.Based on neo-Confucianism,Qiu Jun’s view of Buddhism is a mixture of contradictions,in which the official rank,status,social and regional environment all play roles in the formation of his Buddhist view.Qiu Jun’s view of Buddhism is the epitome of that of the officials and scholars in the mid-Ming Dynasty.