嘉靖朝《军政事例》性质新探

A New Exploration of Examples of Military and Political Affairs in the Period of Jiajing(嘉靖) of the Ming Dynasty

明宣德四年国家首次颁行《军政条例》,之后,正统、弘治和万历年间又有续修,并颁布通行。但嘉靖朝有无国家军政条例,学界至今未有明确定论。嘉靖时期,因北虏南倭的局势,各地官员纂辑刊行有关军队法律较为活跃。其中嘉靖三十一年巡按监察御史霍冀辑《军政事例》,经兵部议覆,皇帝允准而刊行,成为国家军政条例,并一直行用到万历初年国家再次颁行《军政条例》。嘉靖朝霍冀的《军政事例》在体例上开创了分门别类纂辑的新方式,也为万历《军政条例》所继承。

The Regulations of Military and Government Affairs was enacted in the fourth year of Xuande(宣德)in the Ming Dynasty for the first time and then continued to be compiled and promulgated during the periods of Zhengtong(正统),Hongzhi(弘治)and Wanli(万历).However,there is no definite conclusion yet on whether there were national regulations of military and government affair in period of Jiajing(嘉靖).During Jiajing period,in the face of security situation with Mongolians being in the North and Japanese pirates in the South,local officials are active in compiling and issuing relevant military laws,among which the Examples of Military and Government Affairs compiled by Huo Ji(霍冀)who was the supervisory censor,became the national regulations.It was reviewed by the Ministry of War and got permission of the emperor,and has been implemented until the beginning of Wanli,when the Regulations of Military and Government Affairs was issued again.Huo Ji’s version established a new way of compiling the regulations according to different categories,which was also inherited by the Regulations of Military and Government Affairs of Wan Li.