广府地区传统建筑壁画匠作源流初探

Initial Study of the Source of Guangfu Area Traditional Architectural Muralists

广府地区的传统建筑上留存有众多清代至民国时期的壁画作品,尤其是晚清时期的作品数量更多。这些壁画作品水平参差,有些为乡人自行创作,也有的出自专业匠师之手。这些匠师中不乏技艺精湛者,其作品具有较高的艺术价值。一般有作者署名的壁画质量较高。文章抽取了广府地区的170幅有作者署名的传统建筑壁画作为抽样案例,通过实地调研、数据统计、图像对比、逻辑推导等方法,对广府传统建筑壁画的兴盛时期、题材、画师流派、摹本与创新精神4个方面进行了探讨。探析广府传统建筑壁画职业匠师的源流及其技艺特点,是研究广府地区传统壁画技艺的关键环节,也是对传统建筑壁画这种脆弱的艺术遗产进行保护的基础。

There are many traditional buildings in Guangfu area with murals from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China,especially in the late Qing Dynasty.The level of these murals is uneven,some are created by the villagers themselves,and some are created by professional craftsmen.There are no lack of these skilled craftsmen,and their works have high artistic value.Generally,the murals signed by the author are of high quality.In this paper,170 traditional architectural murals signed by the author were selected as sampling cases.Through field research,data statistics,image comparison,logical derivation and other methods,four aspects of flourishing period,theme,painter genre,copy and innovative spirit of Guangfu traditional architectural murals were discussed.The analysis of the origin of Guangfu is the key link in the study of traditional mural skills in Guangfu,and also the basis for the protection of the fragile artistic heritage of traditional architectural murals.