复合地层盾构刀具磨损特性及减磨措施研究

Study on Wear Characteristics and Wear-Reducing Measures of Shield Cutters in Composite Formation

依托深圳市城市轨道交通14号线坳背站—大运站区间隧道工程,针对盾构在上软下硬复合地层运作时出现的掘进变慢、刀盘转速降低、刀具磨损量大以及刀具更换频繁等问题,对刀具磨损特性等进行分析,提出相应的减磨措施。研究结果表明:盾构穿越软硬不均地层时,盾构刀具会产生更大的磨损量;中心滚刀异常磨损率最高,正面滚刀每米磨损的把数最大,两者是刀具磨损检测的重点;受地层硬度影响,微风化地层的刀具每米磨损量最高,且因为强风化的异常磨损率高,强风化地层的刀具每米磨损量比中风化地层更大。通过优化配置刀具、做好掘进过程控制、渣土改良控制和换刀控制等措施,可以减少刀具磨损,降低施工成本,提高施工效率。

Relying on Shenzhen Urban Rail Transit Line 14# station-dayun station interval tunnel project, in view of the problems of the shield machine in the upper-soft and lower-hard composite strata, such as the driving speed slowing down, the rotating speed of the cutter head decreasing, the large wear amount of the cutter and the frequent changing of the cutter, this paper analyzes the cutter wear characteristics and so on, wear reduction measures are proposed. The results show that the wear rate of shield cutters is higher when the shield machine passes through the soft and hard uneven strata, and the abnormal wear rate of the central hob is the highest, and the number of the front hob worn per meter is the largest, because of the influence of formation hardness, the wear rate of tools per meter in the lightly weathered formation is the highest, and because of the high abnormal wear rate of strong weathered formation, the tool wear per meter in the strongly weathered formation is greater than that in the middle weathered formation, and the tool wear can be reduced by such measures as optimizing the tool configuration, controlling the excavation process, improving the control of the slag soil and controlling the tool change, etc., reduce construction cost, improve construction efficiency.