广东廉江地区3000例女性HPV感染状况及基因型流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of HPV infection and genotype in 3000 female patients in Lianjiang of Guangdong Province

目的 探讨广东廉江地区女性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染状况及基因型流行病学特点。方法 收集3 000份廉江市人民医院2016年1月至2021年12月进行HPV分型检测的女性宫颈分泌物。2016年1月至2018年12月的为A组(为1 958例),2019年1月至2021年12月的为B组(1 042例)。观察及对比2组HPV的检出率、检出频率、感染类型、各年龄段感染特点。结果 25种亚型HPV均可检出,HPV的总检出率为34.0%(1 020例)。B组的HPV总检出率,高危型HPV总检出频率构成比,HPV-16、HPV-18、HPV-51、HPV-6、HPV-11的检出频率构成比,单一高危型HPV感染构成比,18~30岁和年龄>60岁HPV感染者的构成比均低于A组;HPV-52、HPV-53、HPV-43、HPV-81、HPV-83的检出频率构成比,单一低危型HPV感染构成比,31~40岁和41~50岁HPV感染者的构成比高于A组(P<0.05或0.01)。结论廉江地区女性感染的HPV亚型种类多,以单独型感染为主,其中高危型常见,不同时间段的特点不同,宜针对性推广HPV疫苗的宣传及接种。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of HPV infection and genotype in 3000 female patients in Lianjiang.Methods A total of 3000 female cervical secretions undergoing HPV typing detection in the People’s Hospital of Lianjiang from January 2016 to December 2021 were collected,of which 1958 cases from January 2016 to December 2018 were defined as Group A while 1042 cases from January 2019 to December 2021 were defined as Group B.The HPV detection rate,detection frequency,infection type and infection characteristics at different age groups in the two groups were observed and compared.Results All 25 HPV subtypes were all detected,and the total detection rate of HPV was 34.0%(1020 cases).The total HPV detection rate,proportion of total detection frequency of high-risk HPV,proportion of detection frequency of HPV-16,HPV-18,HPV-51,HPV-6 and HPV-11,proportion of single high-risk HPV infection,and proportion of HPV infected patients aged 18-30 and>60 of Group B were significantly lower than those of Group A,and the proportion of detection frequency of HPV-52,HPV-53,HPV-43,HPV-81 and HPV-83,proportion of single low-risk HPV infection and proportion of HPV infected patients aged 31-40 and 41-50 years of Group B were significantly higher than those of Group A(P<0.05 or 0.01).Conclusions There are many HPV subtypes in female infection in Lianjiang,mainly single subtype infection.The high-risk infection is common,and the characteristics at different time periods are different,so it is advisable to promote the publicity and vaccination of HPV vaccine.