过滤材料声学性能的实验研究

Experimental study on acoustic properties of filter materials

为探讨纤维过滤材料的吸声效果,扩展吸声材料的选择范围,并为噪声粉尘一体化控制提供指导,通过实验分析不同等级一般通风用纤维层滤料的过滤性能和吸声性能,研究叠加方式及空腔设置等对滤料吸声性能的影响。研究结果表明:一定条件下,滤料的过滤效率越高吸声性能越好;单层滤料吸声效果较差,通过多层叠加,可显著提升吸声效果,达到吸声材料水平;不同等级滤料组合叠加,按过滤效率降序排列整体吸声性能更好。滤料作为吸声材料应用时,在其后侧设置空腔可明显增强吸声效果;兼顾过滤和降噪时,考虑粗效对中效滤料的保护作用,可在粗效加中效滤料后再附加粗效滤料,达到在不显著增加阻力的同时改善吸声性能的目标。

In order to explore the sound absorption effect of fiber filter materials,expand the selection range of sound absorption materials,and provide guidance for the integrated control of noise and dust,the filtering performance and sound absorption performance of different levels of general ventilation fiber-layer filter materials were analyzed through experiments,and the influence of superposition mode and cavity setting on the sound absorption performance of filter materials was studied.The results showed that under certain conditions,the higher the filtration efficiency of filter material,the better the sound absorption performance.The sound absorption effect of single-layer filter material was poor,and through multi-layer superposition,the sound absorption effect could be significantly improved to reach the level of sound-absorbing material.The filter materials with different levels were combined and superimposed,which were arranged in descending order of filtration efficiency,and the overall sound absorption performance was better.When the filter material was used as the sound-absorbing material,a cavity behind it could significantly enhance the sound absorption effect.When considering both filtering and noise reduction,considering the protective effect of coarse effect on medium effect filter material,the coarse effect filter material could be added after adding medium effect filter material in coarse effect filter material,so as to improve the sound absorption performance without significantly increasing the resistance.