回归革命:中国现代文学史再重写的必然方向

Returning to Revolution: the Inevitable Direction of Rewriting the History of Modern Chinese Literature

20世纪80年代,重写文学史思潮推动文学史从革命史框架中走出来,文学史与革命史的分离对于文学史发展起到了积极作用,但是当两者分道扬镳之后,又逐渐形成了两种极端倾向,一种文学史观念走向了革命的反面,否定了革命的意义,把现代文学的成就错误地归功为反动政府的功绩,另一种照搬西方现代主义文学标准,与社会现实脱节,舍弃了根本的内容层面,陷入单纯的形式主义。这两种倾向都偏离了重写文学史的本意,把文学史编写引入了歧途。重写文学史也是一个否定之否定的过程,在认识到偏离革命的错误之后,要在更高层面向革命回归,回到现代历史语境中去,把握现代文学主流,客观评价革命文学思潮的历史地位,建构历史与美学双重标准下的新文学史框架。

In the 1980 s, the trend of rewriting literary history promoted literary history to rush out of the framework of revolutionary history. The separation of literary history and revolutionary history played a positive role in the development of literary history. However, two extreme tendencies gradually formed then. Some concept of literary history went to the opposite of revolution and denied its significance. The achievements of modern literature were wrongly attributed to the reactionary government. Some copied the standards of western modernist literature, disconnecting from social reality, abandoning the basic content level and falling into simple formalism. These tendencies deviated from the original intention of rewriting literary history and led the compilation of literary history to a wrong path. Rewriting literary history is also a process of negative’s inversion. After recognizing the error of deviating from revolution, we should return to the revolution and to the modern historical context, and it is necessary to grasp the mainstream of modern literature, objectively evaluate the historical status of revolutionary literary thought, and construct the framework of new literary history under the double standards of history and aesthetics.