厚层坚硬顶板沿空巷道恒阻吸能防冲支护技术研究

Research on constant resistance energy absorption and anti-scour support technology of gob side entry with thick and hard roof

针对厚层坚硬顶板沿空巷道冲击地压频发且稳定性难控制的问题,以济三煤矿沿空巷道为工程背景,采用工程调研、室内实验、理论分析及现场工业性试验相结合的方法,对沿空巷道冲击大变形机理及防冲控制对策进行研究。结果表明,济三煤矿沿空巷道顶板以厚层坚硬砂岩为主,顶板容易聚集大量的弹性能,当其断裂、聚集的能量释放时,将形成强烈的震动,是沿空巷道易发生冲击地压的主要原因;与传统支护相比,恒阻大变形锚杆(索)能够根据冲击变形能量的大小自动产生相应的拉伸滑移,并保持恒定不变的支护阻力,从而吸收巷道围岩的冲击变形能量,控制围岩冲击大变形。现场工业性试验表明恒阻支护下围岩变形量得到有效控制,可为类似冲击倾向性沿空巷道稳定性控制提供借鉴。

Aiming at the problem of frequent rock burst and difficult stability control in gob-side roadway under thick hard roof,taking the gob-side entry in Jining No.3 Coal Mine as the engineering background,the mechanism of large impact deformation the gob-side roadway and anti-punching control countermeasures was studied based on combining engineering investigation,laboratory test,numerical simulation,and field application.The results show that the thick and hard sandstone is the main roof of gob-side roadway in Jining No.3 Coal Mine,and the roof is easy to accumulate a large number of elastic energy,when the energy of fracture and accumulation is released,strong vibrations will form in the surrounding rock,this is the main reason for the occurrence of rock burst in Jining No.3 Coal Mine;Comparing with the traditional support,the large deformation support with constant resistance can automatically produce the corresponding tensile slip according to the magnitude of impact deformation energy,and maintain a constant support resistance,so it can absorb the shock deformation energy of the surrounding rock and control the large deformation of the surrounding rock.The field test shows that the deformation of surrounding rock is effectively controlled under the constant resistance support,which can provide reference for the stability control of gob-side entry with similar impact tendency.