教育抑或生产:高职教育实习的制度逻辑与选择

Education or Production: the System Logic and Choice of Higher Vocational Education Internship

教育与生产是高职院校和企业参与高职教育实习选择的不同倾向,蕴含着不同的价值主张,并塑造了两个主体的认知及行为。“教育的实习”制度逻辑基于教育的价值诉求,将实习视为学校教育延伸的一项教育教学活动,在实践中存在“校热企冷”的困境;“生产的实习”制度逻辑基于企业的利益需求,将实习视为企业对新员工筛选和培训的工具,在实践中削弱了实习的教育性。解决高职院校和企业在实习中合理分工、交换资源等关键性问题,本质上要求教育与生产之间的价值平衡。建议遵循产教融合制度逻辑,处理好实习在组织层面的教育与生产的关系、个体层面的学习与工作的关系。

Education and production are two different tendencies for vocational colleges and enterprises to participate in the choice of higher vocational education internship. They contain different value propositions, and shape the cognition and behavior of the two different subjects. The institutional logic of "educational practice", which is based on the value appeal of education, regards the internship as an educational and teaching activity extending school education, but there is a dilemma of "schools’ enthusiasm versus enterprises’ indifference" in practice. The institutional logic of the "internship in production", which is based on the interests of the enterprise, regards the internship as a tool for the company to screen and train new employees, thus weakening the educational nature of the internship in practice. Solving key issues confronting vocational colleges and enterprises such as the rational division of labor and the exchange of resources during internships essentially requires a balance of value between education and production. It is suggested to follow the system logic of the integration of industry and education, and coordinate the relationship between education and production at the organizational level, and the relationship between learning and work at the individual level.