台风灾害背景下小型离岛韧性演变特征与影响要素研究:以桂山岛为例

The Influencing Factors and Characteristics of Resilience Evolution of Small Outlying Islands Under the Background of Typhoon Disaster:Taking Guishan Island as an Example

全球气候变暖导致台风灾害越来越频繁,给小型离岛造成了严重损失,增强韧性能力就成为其所面临的突出问题。该文构建了小型离岛台风灾害韧性指数测度模型。以桂山岛为例,对其2010—2019年的韧性指数变化进行了量化测度,剖析了海防工程、生态环境、应急服务与保障设施、应急组织与管理、居民5个维度韧性指数的演变特征;最后,从人口规模、主导产业、政策法规和管理模式等方面阐述了对韧性的影响机理。

Global warming has led to more and more frequent typhoon disasters,causing serious losses to small outlying islands,and enhancing resilience has become a prominent problem faced by them.In this article we constructed a small-scale outlying island typhoon disaster resilience index measurement model.Taking Guishan Island as an example,the changes in its resilience index from 2010 to 2019 were quantitatively measured,and the five dimensions of resilience index were analyzed,including coastal defense engineering,ecological environment,emergency services and support facilities,emergency organization and management,and residents.Finally,the impact mechanism on resilience is explained in terms of population size,leading industries,policies and regulations,and management models.