全膀胱切除术后患者支持性照护需求及影响因素的纵向研究

Supportive care needs and associated factors among patients after radical cystectomy:a longitudinal study

目的了解全膀胱切除术后患者康复阶段支持性照护需求现状及影响因素,为针对性干预提供参考。方法采用自制全膀胱切除术后患者支持照护需求量表,对238例全膀胱切除术后患者术后1周、1个月及6个月进行调查与分析。结果患者术后1周、1个月及6个月支持性照护需求得分依次为94.09±5.21、92.82±4.79、90.78±5.14,3个时间点得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元回归分析显示,家庭人均月收入、年龄、居住地及合并慢性病是患者支持性照护需求的主要影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论全膀胱切除术后患者支持性照护需求随时间延长呈下降趋势;医护人员应针对收入较低、身体状况较差及信息获取不便的患者给予相关支持与知识技能指导,以满足不同类别患者需求,从而全面提高患者术后生活质量。

Objective To investigate the supportive care needs and associated factors among patients after radical cystectomy during the rehabilitation stage,and to provide reference for targeted intervention.Methods A total of 238 patients underwent radical cystectomy were surveyed at postoperative 1 week,1 month and 6 months by utilizing a self-designed questionnaire in terms of their supportive care needs.Results The scores of supportive care needs at three time points were(94.09±5.21),(92.82±4.79),and(90.78±5.14),showing significant difference(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression showed that family income per capita,age,place of residence,and comorbidity of chronic diseases were the influencing factors of supportive care needs(all P<0.05).Conclusion The supportive care needs of patients after radical cystectomy show a declining trend.Healthcare workers should provide support and education for those with low income,poor physical fitness,and limited access to information,so as to meet their needs and improve quality of life.