农村老年人老化期望现状及影响因素研究

The level and factors associated with aging expectations of the rural elderly

目的了解农村老年人的老化期望现状,分析其影响因素,为针对干预提供参考。方法采用一般资料调查表、UCLA孤独感量表简化版、老化期望量表、简版自我感知老化量表对199名农村老年人进行问卷调查。结果老化期望总分为32.72±9.18,孤独感得分为15.11±3.82,自我感知老化得分为52.75±2.76;多元线性回归分析显示,性别、婚姻状况、患慢性病种数、独居、孤独感、自我感知老化及经济来源是农村老年人老化期望的影响因素(调整R 2=0.612,均P<0.05)。结论农村老年人的老化期望水平较低,女性、孤独、无配偶、患慢性病较多、老化态度消极及低收入人群是关注的重点。

Objective To describe the level of expectations regarding aging among rural older adults and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 199 rural elderly people by using the general information questionnaire,the short form UCLA Loneliness Scale(ULS-6),the 12-item Expectation Regarding Aging survey,and the Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire.Results The sample scored 32.72±9.18 on expectations regarding aging,15.11±3.82 on loneliness,and 52.75±2.76 on perceptions of aging.Multiple linear regression showed that gender,marital status,the number of chronic diseases,living alone,loneliness,perceptions of aging,and economic source were factors affecting expectations regarding aging among the rural elderly(adjusted R 2=0.612,all P<0.05).Conclusion The rural elderly report low level of expectations regarding aging.Woman,those with loneliness,more chronic diseases,negative attitudes toward aging,and poor income,as well as those without spouse should be paid more attention.