非淀粉多糖酶饲喂广西三黄鸡效果研究

Study of the effects on Guangxi Sanhuang chickens fed with non-starch polysaccharide enzymes

选取180羽35日龄健康的广西三黄鸡作为研究对象,随机分为A、B、C 3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10羽鸡,公母各半。A组饲喂玉米-稻谷-豆粕-棕榈粕型基础饲粮为对照组,B组加0.01%木聚糖酶,C组在基础饲粮中添加0.01%木聚糖酶和0.01%β-甘露聚糖酶。试验期间对各试验组鸡生产性能、养分利用率及盲肠微生物等进行分析与测定。结果表明:(1)基础饲粮中添加木聚糖酶或复合酶可以有效降低广西三黄鸡料重比,分别降低5.08%、5.35%(P <0.05);提高广西三黄鸡的日均增重,分别提高4.70%、8.66%(P> 0.05)。(2)基础饲粮中添加木聚糖酶或复合酶对饲粮粗蛋白质、粗灰分、钙、磷、粗纤维、无氮浸出物等表观消化率没有显著性影响(P> 0.05),但可以显著提高三黄鸡对饲粮的能量利用率和干物质消化率(P <0.05)。(3)基础饲粮中添加木聚糖酶或复合酶对广西三黄鸡屠宰性能及消化道食糜黏度无显著性影响(P> 0.05),但有降低食糜黏度的趋势。(4)基础饲粮中添加木聚糖酶和复合酶对广西三黄鸡谷丙转氨酶、白蛋白、总蛋白、尿素氮、葡萄糖、总胆固醇、甘油三脂等血清生化指标无明显影响,但会增加血清谷草转氨酶的活性,降低碱性磷酸酶活性。(5)基础饲粮中添加木聚糖酶或复合酶能提高广西三黄鸡盲肠中乳酸杆菌的数量,降低大肠杆菌的数量,有利于维持三黄鸡肠道菌群的健康平衡。

A total of 180 healthy 35-day-old Guangxi Sanhuang chickens were randomly divided into groups A,B and C with 6 replicates,10 replicates each,half male and half female. Group A was fed with corn-rice-miscellaneous meal unconventional diets,group B and C were fed with corn-rice-miscellaneous meal unconventional diets + 0.01% xylanase and basal diet + 0.01% xylanase + 0.01% endo-1,4-β-mannanase. The production performance,nutrient utilization ratio and caecum microorganism of each experimental group were analyzed and determined,and the results showed that:(1) Adding xylanase and compound enzymes to basal diet could increase daily weight gain by 4.70%,8.66%,reduce feed-to-weight ratio by 5.08%,5.35% respectively.(2) Xylanase and compound enzyme supplementation could significantly improve the energy utilization rate and dry matter digestibility(P < 0.05),but there were no significant differences in apparent digestibility of crude protein,ash,Ca,P,crude fiber and nitrogen free extract among experimental groups(P > 0.05).(3) There was no significant effect on slaughter performance and digestive tract chyme viscosity of Guangxi Sanhuang chickens,which were fed basal diet supplemented with xylanase and complex enzymes(P > 0.05).(4)Basal diet supplemented with xylanase and complex enzymes had no significant effect on the levels of ALT,albumin,total protein,urea nitrogen,glucose,total cholesterol and triglyceride,but it increased the activity of the serum ASP transaminase and decreased the activity of the alkaline phosphatase.(5) Basal diet supplemented with xylanase and complex enzymes could increase the number of lactic acid bacteria in the caecum of Guangxi Sanhuang chickens,decrease the number of E. Coli,and help maintain a healthy balance of intestinal flora.