组合型节流槽对多路阀内流场特性影响的仿真研究

Simulation Research on Influence of Combined Throttle Groove on Flow Field Characteristics in Multi-way Valve

针对工程机械用多路阀阀口压损大、流速高,极易出现阀芯冲蚀磨损的问题,以某型号工程机械多路阀为例,设计不同组合形式的节流槽,研究多路阀阀口节流槽结构形式对阀口流阻损失及多路阀内部流场特征的影响。采用数值分析的方法研究了不同阀口节流槽形式在阀芯开启过程中阀口前后压差、流量、流速等流场特征。结果表明:阀芯采用不同组合型节流槽的流场特征明显不同,VU形节流槽较其他阀口出流线性特性更好,且具有良好的预升压效果,可进一步降低液流对阀芯的冲蚀,减小噪声、振动,保证多路阀工作的稳定性。对高压、大流量多路阀阀芯节流槽口的设计及提升多路阀综合性能具有一定的参考意义。

In view of the large pressure loss and high flow rate at the valve port of multi-way valve for construction machinery,the valve core is prone to erosion and wear.Taking a certain type of construction machinery multi-way valve as an example to design different combinations of throttling grooves,the influence of the structure of throttling groove of valve port on flow resistance loss of valve port and characteristics of internal flow field of multi-way valve are studied.Numerical analysis method was used to study the flow field characteristics of different valve orifice throttling grooves in process of valve core opening,such as pressure difference before and after the valve port,flow rate,velocity and so on.The results show that the flow field characteristics of the valve core with different combined throttle grooves are obviously different.The VU-shaped grooves have better linear characteristics of outlet flow than other valve ports,and have a good pre-boosting effect.Further reduce the erosion of valve core by liquid flow,reduce noise and vibration,and ensure the stability of multi-way valve.The results have certain reference significance for the design of throttling slot of high-pressure and large-flow multi-way valve spool,so as to improve the comprehensive performance of multi-way valve.