2019-2020年河南省市售国产食用植物油中多环芳烃(PAH4)抽样调查分析

Investigation on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH4)in domestic edible vegetable oil sold in Henan Province in 2019-2020

目的了解河南省市售国产预包装食用植物油中4种多环芳烃的污染情况。方法2019—2020年在河南省抽取市售国产预包装食用植物油样品212份,2019年和2020年分别采用高效液相色谱法和气相色谱-质谱法测定4种多环芳烃(苯并[a]蒽、、苯并[b]荧蒽和苯并[a]芘)的含量。结果PAH4的含量范围为0.34~26.6μg/kg,检出率为83.49%,参照欧盟标准超标率为3.30%;从食品细类来看,花生油受PAH4污染最为严重;从产品等级和生产工艺来看,随着样品质量指标的降低,芝麻油受PAH4污染的风险升高。不同生产工艺对芝麻油PAH4的影响并不显著;依据GB 2762-2017《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》,所有样品中苯并[a]芘均合格,而参照欧盟标准超标率最高的为花生油(38.46%),花生油受苯并[a]芘污染的风险较高。结论河南省市售国产预包装食用植物油中花生油受PAH4污染的风险较高;并且随着芝麻油质量指标的降低,受PAH4污染的风险升高。

Objective To investigate the contamination of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in domestic pre-packaged edible vegetable oil sold in Henan Province.Methods A total of 212 domestic edible vegetable oil samples from Henan Province were collected.The contents of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(benzo[a]anthracene,chrysene,benzo[b]fluoranthene,and benzo[a]pyrene,defined as PAH4)were determined by HPLC and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in 2019 and 2020,respectively.Results The content of PAH4 in domestic pre-packaged edible vegetable oils ranged from 0.34μg/kg to 26.6μg/kg,the detection rate was 83.49%,and the over-standard rate was 3.30%according to EU standard.In terms of food category,the peanut oil samples were most seriously contaminated with PAH4.From the point of view of product grade and production process,with the decrease of sample quality index,the risk of PAH4 contamination in sesame oil increased.According to GB 2762-2017,the content of benzo(a)pyrene in all samples was qualified,while the peanut oil had the highest rate exceeding the EU standard,with the over-standard rate of 38.46%.Peanut oil had a higher risk of being contaminated by benzo[a]pyrene.Conclusion Peanut oil in domestic pre-packaged edible vegetable oil sold in Henan Province has a high risk of PAH4 contamination.With the decrease of sesame oil quality index,the risk of PAH4 contamination increases.