2010-2020年广西甲型病毒性肝炎流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A in Guangxi in 2010-2020

目的分析2010—2020年广西甲型病毒性肝炎(甲肝)流行病学特征,为制定有效防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2010—2020年广西甲肝发病资料进行分析。结果2010—2020年广西共报告甲肝8742例,年均发病率为1.66/10万;男性病例5298例(60.60%),女性病例3444例(39.40%);发病率从2010年的2.73/10万下降到2020年的1.38/10万。2010年发病季节性较强,其他年份发病无明显季节性;主要发病年龄在25~64岁5891例(67.39%);农民占59.79%;2010—2020年共报告甲肝暴发疫情7起,发病273例,占总病例数的3.12%。贺州市、梧州市、河池市、贵港市和北海市年均发病率较高,分别为3.97/10万、2.98/10万、2.44/10万、2.00/10万和1.79/10万。结论广西甲肝报告发病率逐年下降,甲肝疫苗预防为主的预防控制措施成效明显,应加强甲肝监测,针对高发地区、重点人群等制定防控策略。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A in Guangxi from 2010 to 2020,and to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective prevention and control strategies.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the incidence data of hepatitis A in Guangxi from 2010 to 2020.Results From 2010 to 2020,a total of 8742 cases of hepatitis A were reported in Guangxi,with an average annual incidence rate of 1.66/100000.There were 5298 male cases(60.60%),and 3444 female cases(39.40%).The incidence rate decreased from 2.73/100000 in 2010 to 1.38/100000 in 2020.The onset seasonality was strong in 2010,but there was no obvious seasonality in other years.A total of 5891 cases(67.39%)were aged from 25 to 64 years.Farmers accounted for 59.79%of the cases.A total of 7 hepatitis A outbreaks were reported during 2010-2020,including 273 cases,accounting for 3.12%of the total cases.The incidence rates of hepatitis A in Hezhou(3.97/100000),Wuzhou(2.98/100000),Hechi(2.44/100000),Guigang(2.00/100000)and Beihai(1.79/100000)were relatively higher than other places.Conclusion The number of reported hepatitis A cases in Guangxi has been declining year by year,and the prevention and control measures of hepatitis A vaccine prevention are effective.The surveillance of hepatitis A should be strengthened,and prevention and control strategies should be formulated for high-risk areas and key populations.