2011-2021年宁波市15-24岁HIV/AIDS病例特征分析

Characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases at ages of 15 to 24 years in Ningbo City from 2011 to 2021

目的分析2011-2021年宁波市报告的15~24岁艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)特征,为青少年艾滋病防制提供参考。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统艾滋病综合防治信息系统收集2011-2021年宁波市报告的15~24岁HIV/AIDS病例资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析病例的报告时间分布、人群分布、感染途径和检测发现途径。结果2011-2021年宁波市报告15~24岁HIV/AIDS病例1218例,占报告病例总数的17.41%。2011-2021年报告的15~24岁病例占当年病例总数的比例呈下降趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=17.170,P<0.001)。男性993例,占81.53%;女性225例,占18.47%。学生123例,占10.10%;校外青少年1095例,占89.90%。外地户籍904例,占74.22%。感染途径以性行为为主,1187例占97.45%;其中男男性行为714例,占58.62%。被动检测发现636例,占52.22%;主动检测发现305例,占25.04%;性病门诊发现219例,占17.98%。结论宁波市15~24岁HIV/AIDS病例以男性、外地户籍、校外青少年为主,男男性行为是主要的感染途径。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases at ages of 15 to 24 years reported in Ning⁃bo City from 2011 to 2021,so as to provide insights into AIDS control among adolescents.Methods The epidemiologi⁃cal data regarding HIV/AIDS cases in Ningbo City from 2011 to 2021 were captured from the AIDS Comprehensive Pre⁃vention and Control Information System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System,and the temporal distribution,population distribution,and routes of infections and detection were descriptively analyzed.Results A total of 1218 HIV/AIDS cases at ages of 15 to 24 years were reported in Ningbo City from 2011 to 2021,accounting for 17.41%of totally reported cases,and the proportion of HIV/AIDS cases in total HIV/AIDS cases during the same year appeared a tendency towards a decline from 2011 to 2021(χ2trend=17.170,P<0.001).There were 993 males(81.53%)and 225 females(18.47%),123 students(10.10%)and 1095 off-campus adolescents(89.90%),and 904 with non-local registered residence(74.22%).Sexual behavior was identified as the predominant route of HIV infections(97.45%),in⁃cluding 714 men who had sex with men(58.62%).There were 636 cases with passive testing(52.22%),305 cases with active testing(25.04%)and 219 cases with diagnosis at sexually transmitted diseases clinics(17.98%).Conclusions Men,non-local registered residence and off-campus adolescents were predominant among HIV/AIDS cases at ages of 15 to 24 years in Ningbo City from 2011 to 2021,with men-men sexual behaviors as the predominant route of HIV infections.