流动与重构:辽东湾渔业社会的变迁与书写

Mobility and Reconstruction:The Change and Writing of Fishery Society in Liaodong Bay

在“迈向社会人类学的中国时代”,中国人类学正在实现视角的转换与书写范式的更新。渔业社会不同于内陆地区依靠熟人社会网络而构建的“乡土中国”,也不同于大陆体系和海洋体系相互推动中发展起来的岛屿文化体系,但在乡土中国向流域中国和海洋中国的转换过程中,渔业研究及民族志书写具有另类场域的意义,渔业社会的研究需要在整体观的指导下,以生态区位、经济生业、移民社会为关键词,展现其在流动的时代中,“历史与现实”“全球化与地方社会”中重组集体记忆与构建地方认同中的实验室意义。渔业社会的研究不仅是在探索新的人类学的书写范式,而且也有助于文明互鉴与构筑海洋命运共同体,最终推动人与海洋和谐共生的海洋生态系统的建立。

In the"Chinese era of social anthropology",Chinese anthropology needs to have a change of perspective and an update of the writing paradigm.The fishery society is different from the"earthbound China"built on the social network of acquaintances in the inland areas,or the island culture system developed by the mutual promotion of the continental and marine systems.However,in the process of shift from"earthbound China"to the research paradigm of"Basin China"and"Ocean China",the fishery study and ethnography have the meaning of alternative field.Therefore,under the guidance of the holistic view,the study of fishery society should be based on the following keywords:ecological location,economic subsistence,and immigration society so as to eventually show its experimental meanings in reorganizing collective memory and building local identity at the time of"history and reality"and"globalization and local society".The study of fishery society not only explores the new writing paradigm of anthropology,but also helps to learn from different civilizations and establish a maritime community with a shared future andpromote the construction of a marine ecological system of peaceful coexistence of human beings and ocean.