“革命的现代性”:《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》的双重面向

Revolutionary Modernity:Analysis on Two Aesthetic Dimensions of Chairman Mao s Speech at the Yan an Literature and Art Forum

《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》把文艺与当时以民族独立为主要目标的新民主主义革命联系起来,充分体现出毛泽东重构中国现代性——“革命的现代性”的逻辑。毛泽东基于中国现代性的“一般性”与“特殊性”的内在张力,指出新民主主义文化是致力于中国现代性建构的革命文化。《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》是新民主主义文化的重要构成部分,在推动现代文艺走向民族化的过程中,对中国现代性的建构进行革命观照。这部著作使文艺创作与批评直面革命与中国现代性建构,有效解决了“为群众”和“如何为群众”的问题。从革命面向的角度来看,这部著作厘清了革命工作与文艺工作的关系,指明人民是推动革命发展的主体以及文艺介入革命的具体路径;从现代性面向的角度来看,这部著作除了阐明中国现代性建构的历史维度外,还从文艺工作者的态度、马克思主义文艺理论体系建设与文艺创作等角度提出了中国现代性建构的具体方案。

Talks at the Yan’an Forum on Literature and Art which links literature and art with the New Democratic Revolution whose target is national independence,is characterized as the logic of revolutionary modernity Mao Zedong reconstructed. Based on the inherent tension between universality and particularity in the Chinese modernity,Mao Zedong pointed out that the cultural forms of the New Democratic Revolution is dedicated to the revolutionary culture in the reconstruction of Chinese modernity. Talks at the Yan’an Forum is a key component of the cultural forms of the New Democratic Revolution. In the process of promoting the nationalization of modern literature and art,it gives a revolutionary look at the reconstruction of Chinese modernity. Talks at the Yan’an Forum makes the literary and artistic creation and criticism brace for the revolution and the construction of Chinese modernity,effectively resolving the problems of“for the masses”and“how to serve the masses”. From the perspective of revolution orientation,Talks at Yan’an Forum clarifies the relationship between revolutionary work and literature and art work,and points out that the people are the main body to promote the development of revolution and the specific path for literature and art to intervene in the revolution. From the perspective of modernity,Talks at the Yan’an Forum not only clarifies the historical dimensions of the construction of Chinese modernity,but also puts forward specific plans for the construction of Chinese modernity from the perspectives of the attitude of literary and artistic workers,the construction of Marxist literary and artistic theory system and literary and artistic creation.