基于区块链的高可靠北斗RTK服务系统研究

Research on high reliable RTK service framework of Beidou satellite navigation system based on blockchain

高精度的全球导航卫星系统(Global Navigation Satellite System,GNSS)测量必须采用载波相位观测值,RTK(Real Time Kinmeatic)是基于载波相位观测值的实时动态定位技术,它能够实时提供测站点在指定坐标系中的三维定位结果。北斗卫星导航系统(BeiDou Navigation Satellite System,BDS)在RTK作业模式下,基准站通过数据链将其观测值和测站坐标信息一起传送给流动站。然而,在中心化存储条件下,这些数据很容易被篡改,如果篡改发生在地籍调查、森林防火、海上救援等事件中,可能会对公民和国家利益相关者造成生命和经济损害。因此,有必要识别错误、伪造的数据来确保北斗定位数据的完整性,通过支持溯源和公开可验证来提高数据的可靠性。区块链是一个分布式账本系统,天然具有去中心化、公开可验证、防篡改、可溯源等性质。提出了一种新的北斗卫星导航系统RTK服务框架,使用区块链网络来记录北斗数据,利用区块链公开可验证和不可篡改特性,保证了北斗数据的完整性和可靠性;利用流动站监控RTCM(Radio Technical Commission for Maritime services)数据流,改进包月包年计费模式,实现按流量计费使付费模式更加合理精细,并利用以太坊客户端搭建私有链加以实现。

High precision global navigation satellite system(GNSS)measurement must adopt carrier phase observation value.RTK is a real-time kinmeatic technology based on carrier phase observation value.It can provide three-dimensional positioning results of instrument station in the specified coordinate system in real time.In the RTK operation mode of Beidou navigation satellite system(BDS),the base station transmits its observation values and station coordinate information to the rover station through the data link.However,under the condition of centralized storage,these data are easy to be tampered.If tampering occurs in cadastral survey,forest fire prevention,maritime rescue and other events,it may cause life and economic damage to citizens and national stakeholders.Therefore,it is necessary to identify wrong and forged data to ensure the integrity of Beidou data,and improve the reliability of data by supporting traceability and public verifiability.Blockchain is a distributed ledger system,which is naturally decentralized,publicly verifiable,tamper proof and traceable.In this paper,a new RTK service framework of Beidou satellite navigation system is proposed.The blockchain network is used to record Beidou data,and the public verifiability and non-tamperability of blockchain are used to ensure the integrity and reliability of Beidou data.The rover station is used to monitor the RTCM(Radio Technical Commission for Maritime services)data flow,improve the monthly package annual billing mode,realize the billing by data traffic,make the payment mode more reasonable and refined,and use the Ethereum client to build a private chain for implementation.