农村自我养老的制度配置及其社会功能

System Configuration and Social Function of Rural Self-Support

乡村振兴背景下,农村自我养老呈现出扎根中国大地、承载国家制度体系与资源配置的显著特征。农村集体成员权、农地制度、社会保障制度、乡村秩序以及乡村自组织共同构成自我养老的制度配置,彰显其在提升老人自养水平、协调老人自养与家庭发展、稳固国家乡村蓄水池等方面的社会功能。然而,在我国农村养老体系及其实践中,仍存在忽视自我养老价值功能、制度体系配置不完善等瓶颈问题。推进“以人为本”中国式农村现代化,须在构建包括自我养老在内多元养老体系的同时,从优化集体成员权、创新农地制度、细化社会保障制度、发展社会自组织四个方面寻求突破。

Under the background of rural revitalization,the features of rural self-care pattern has deeply rooted in the land of China and carried the national system and resource allocation.Rural collective membership,social security system,rural land system,rural self-organization and rural order together constitute the system configuration of self-care,and show its diverse social functions in areas of improving the level of self-care for the elderly,coordinating the elderly self-care and family development,stabilizing the national economic and social development.However,there are still some bottleneck problems in rural elderly care practice such as neglecting the function of self-supporting and the imperfection of the system allocation.To promote the“people-oriented”Chinese rural modernization,we must adhere to the construction of multi-pension system including self-pension,and at the same time,optimize the collective-member rights,innovate the agricultural land system,refine the social security system,stabilize the village order,and develop social self-organization and seek breakthroughs in the above-mentioned four aspects.