大功率模块水冷计算和仿真优化的研究

Water Cooling Calculation and Simulation Optimization of High-Power Module

在大功率变流器中,大功率模块由于功率密度过大常安装水冷板进行散热。但是,它所需的水流量通过估算方式无法精确计算功率模块的工作结温,导致水流量余量过大或者过小。多个功率模块工况下,往往无法确定功率模块间的散热安全距离,导致变流器结构过大。为了解决多模块最小安全距离和最小水流量精确计算问题,通过3 300 V、600 A三电平拓扑结构计算模块热损,并通过比较来估算和仿真水流量论证估算是否可行及其所具有的裕量。仿真结果表明,通过计算可以优化模块间的最小间距,减小三电平变流器设备的尺寸,降低成本,为判断水冷功率模块提供散热所需水流量和功率模块间的最小安装距离是否满足要求提供参考。

In the high power converter, the high power module is often installed in the water cooling plate for heat dissipation due to the excessive power density. The water flow required by the water cooling plate can not be accurately calculated by estimating the junction temperature when the power module works, resulting in too large or too small water flow margin. In the case of multiple power modules, the safe heat dissipation distance between power modules cannot be determined, resulting in the large structure of the converter. In order to solve the problem of accurate calculation of the minimum safe distance and the minimum water flow of multiple modules, this paper calculates the heat loss of the module through 3 300 V、600 A three-level topology, and demonstrates the feasibility of estimation and the margin by comparing estimation and simulation of water flow. The simulation results show that the minimum spacing between modules can be optimized, the size of three-level converter equipment can be reduced and the cost can be reduced, which can provide a reference for the water-cooled power module to provide the water flow required for heat dissipation and whether the minimum installation distance between power modules meets the requirements.