量子互文在中国科大的二十个春秋

Twenty years of quantum contextuality at USTC

量子互文性是量子力学最为奇妙和令人困惑的特征之一,它指的是量子力学中一个算符的测量结果取决于测量时实际被观测的所有算符的选择。中国科学技术大学在量子互文方向的研究具有悠久的历史。本文回顾了过去20年来中国科大在量子互文方向所取得的理论和实验进展。我们首先介绍著名的最简单的态无关量子互文性证明;而后展示几个基于光子系统的量子互文性实验测试;最后,我们讨论了量子互文性在广泛的量子信息科学中的作用及其在量子计算中的应用。

Quantum contextuality is one of the most perplexing and peculiar features of quantum mechanics.Concisely,it refers to the observation that the result of a single measurement in quantum mechanics depends on the set of joint measure-ments actually performed.The study of contextuality has a long history at the University of Science and Technology of China(USTC).Here we review the theoretical and experimental advances in this direction achieved at USTC over the last twenty years.We start by introducing the renowned simplest proof of state-independent contextuality.We then present several experimental tests of quantum versus noncontextual theories with photons.Finally,we discuss the investigation of the role of contextuality in general quantum information science and its application in quantum computation.