再论State汉译名的厘定——兼论20世纪初“国家”观念在中国的流播

In-depth Discussions about the Translated Names of State in Chinese:Further Discussions on the Spread of the Ideal Country in the Early Days of the 20^(th)

19世纪初,State经由来华传教士引入中国时,有“邦、邦国、国、国家”多个汉语译名,19世纪中叶传入日本,最终定格为“国家”。日本学界借此译介西方国家学说,使得与“朝廷”“天下”有别的近代“国家”观念得以广泛传播。20世纪初,始创于中国的“国家”侨词回归,近代“国家”观念也渐渐为国人接受。

In the beginning of the 19 century,"State"was introduced into China by missionary.Its Chinese translation has the names like"Bang,Bangguo,Guo,Gojia",and was transmitted to Japan in the middle of 19 century,eventually,the term"Guojia"was accepted by people.The academia in Japan translated the country theory from the West by borrowing it,the idea of country which is different from’Dynasty’and’World’was then spread widely.In the early days of the 20th,"Guojia"which was coined in China returned home from overseas,the idea of modern country was gradually accepted by the people.