关于瘟神信仰到海神信仰的转化路径探究——以惠州为中心的考察

The Path of Transformation from Plague Belief into Sea Belief: An Investigation into Huizhou

瘟疫是民俗的重要影响因子,不仅内陆习俗浸润着瘟疫的痕迹,在海洋信仰民俗的形成和发展中也可以找到瘟疫的影子。惠州沿海的海神多从瘟神发展而来,其信仰习俗在仪式流程和祭祀内容上与瘟疫习俗有着密切联系,呈现出从瘟疫民俗向海洋信仰民俗转变的清晰脉络。今天一些流行于沿海的海洋信仰习俗,其最初本意是赶走瘟疫,保护境内平安,后来逐渐发展为祈望海上安全和渔业丰收。

Plague is an important factor affecting folk customs.Not only the inland customs are affected by the plague,but also the traces of plague can be found in the formation and development of the marine belief folk customs.Most of the marine gods in the coastal areas of Huizhou were developed from the plague god,and their belief customs were closely related to the plague custom in terms of ritual flow and sacrificial content,showing a clear line of change from the plague custom to the sea belief custom.Today,some popular coastal marine beliefs and customs,with its original intention,is to get rid of severe disasters,to pray for peace in this locality,and which eventually developed to ensure maritime safety and good fishing.