北魏平城时期民族认同考释——以方山永固陵为例

An Analysis of Ethnic Identity in Pingcheng Period of Northern Wei Dynasty——Take Yonggu Mausoleum in Fangshan as an Example

北魏鲜卑族拓跋部在平城统治了近百年时间,留下了许多历史文献及历史文化遗存。方山永固陵作为其中之一,从多方面呈现出鲜卑民族对汉民族文化的认同。永固陵所在方山位置特殊,受孝文帝多次拜谒,在北魏平城时代占据重要地位。其陵墓主人文明太后对汉化的推动,对孝文帝的影响以及陵墓所体现出的丧葬制度都在一定程度上见证了北魏平城时期的民族认同。

Tuoba tribe of Xianbei ethnic group in the Northern Wei dynasty ruled in Pingcheng for nearly a hundred years, leaving a lot of historical documents and cultural relics. These relics show the recognition of the Han by the Xianbei ethnic group. Yonggu Mausoleum in Fangshan is one of the typical examples. Yonggang Mausoleum is located in a special position in Fangshan, which was visited by Emperor Xiaowen for many times and occupied an important position in the Pingcheng era of the Northern Wei Dynasty. The promotion of the Empress Dowager Wenming for Sinicization, her influence on Emperor Xiaowen and the funeral system reflected in the mausoleum all bear witness to the ethnic identity of the Pingcheng period in the Northern Wei Dynasty to some extent.