制度文本理论下的中外大数据安全政策比较

Comparison of Chinese and Foreign Big Data Security Policies under Institutional Text Theory

[目的/意义]总结归纳大数据安全政策的一般模式与规律,对中、美及欧盟大数据安全政策文本进行对比分析,促进大数据安全政策内容完善和政策体系优化。[方法/过程]收集中、美及欧盟数据安全主题的政策文本,采用内容分析法,结合制度文本理论,构建大数据安全政策文本理论框架,并基于该理论框架对中美欧国家大数据安全政策文本进行对比分析。[结果/讨论]构建了以理念规划层、基本制度层和保障实施层为支撑的大数据安全政策文本理论框架。在此框架基础上对比发现,我国的大数据安全政策文本还存在覆盖领域不全面、政策要素占比失衡、重惩罚轻鼓励等问题。据此提出要加强顶层设计、均衡政策注意力分配、多措并举等政策建议。

[Purpose/significance]Summarize the general patterns and rules of big data security policies,and compare and analyze the texts of big data security policies in China,America and The European Union,so as to improve the content of big data security policies and optimize the policy system.[Method/process]Collect the policy texts of data security topics in China,America and The European Union,and use the content analysis method,combined with the system text theory,to construct the theoretical framework of big data security policy texts.Based on this theoretical framework,this paper makes a comparative analysis of big data security policy texts of China,America and the European Union.[Result/conclusion]A theoretical framework of big data security policy text supported by concept planning layer,basic system layer and guarantee implementation layer is constructed.On the basis of this framework,it is found that there are still some problems in China’s big data security policy texts,such as incomplete coverage,unbalanced proportion of policy elements,heavy punishment over encouragement,etc.Based on this,some policy suggestions are put forward,such as strengthening top-level design,balancing policy attention distribution and taking multiple measures simultaneously.