基于区块链技术的奢侈品供应链协调问题研究

Research on Coordination of Luxury Supply Chain Based on Blockchain Technology

为探究奢侈品供应链是否有必要引入区块链技术以及引入后的供应链协调问题,构建一个奢侈品制造商和一个零售商组成的二级供应链。探讨无区块链和有区块链下集中式供应链最优策略,分析制造商引入区块链时分别采用批发价契约、收入共享契约和成本共担契约的最优策略,提出谈判契约并与其他三种契约模型做了对比。研究发现当消费者信息溯源偏好系数与区块链成本系数满足一定关系时:第一,引入区块链可以获得更高的利润;第二,引入区块链后批发价契约、收入共享契约和成本共担契约均不能实现协调;第三,谈判契约可以协调供应链,最优订购量和最优区块链水平与谈判权力无关,但双方获得的利润与各自的谈判权力呈正相关关系。

This paper develops a luxury supply chain consisting of a luxury manufacturer and a retailer to explore whether to introduce the blockchain technology or not and the coordination of the luxury supply chain after adopting the blockchain technology.The optimal strategies for a centralized supply chain without and with adopting blockchain are discussed and the optimal strategies of adopting wholesale price contract,revenue sharing contract and cost sharing contract when the manufacturers introduce blockchain are analyzed.A bargaining contract is proposed and compared with the other three models.The consumer information traceability preference coefficient and the blockchain cost coefficient satisfy a certain relationship:firstly,the introduction of blockchain can lead to higher profits;secondly,wholesale contracts,revenue sharing contracts and cost sharing contracts cannot coordinate the supply chain with blockchain;thirdly,bargaining contracts can coordinate the supply chain.The optimal order quantity and the optimal blockchain level are independent of bargaining power,but the profits obtained by both parties are positively related to the bargaining power.