数字经济赋能农业高质量发展的实证研究

An Empirical Study on Digital Economy Enabling the High-quality Development of Agriculture

近年来,数字经济已经成为驱动经济高质量发展的新动能和新引擎。在数字乡村建设背景下,数字经济与农业产业不断融合,探究数字经济能否以及如何赋能农业高质量发展具有重要现实意义。在理论分析基础上,利用2013—2020年我国30个省份(不含香港、澳门、台湾、西藏地区)的数据,对数字经济赋能农业高质量发展的方式和路径进行实证分析。研究发现,数字经济能够显著促进农业高质量发展,已经成为新时代农业发展的动力源泉。异质性检验结果表明,数字经济对农业高质量发展的促进作用与市场化水平和城镇化水平有关,在市场化水平和城镇化水平高的地区,数字经济对农业高质量发展的促进作用更明显。影响机制检验结果表明,数字经济通过推动产业结构转型升级(涉及产业结构高级化、产业结构合理化两个方面)赋能农业高质量发展。门槛检验结果表明,数字经济水平与农业高质量发展之间并不是传统意义上的非线性关系,而是存在明显的双重门槛特征,即数字经济只有在发展到一定程度之后才能表现出对农业高质量发展的促进作用,且这种作用会随着数字经济水平的进一步提高而增强。为更好地利用数字经济赋能农业高质量发展,应鼓励数字技术研发创新,打造高水平数字人才队伍,推动数字技术与农业产业深度融合;完善乡村数字基础设施建设,营造良好数字经济发展环境,推动乡村治理数字化转型;推动数字平台建设,疏通产业结构转型升级路径,构建农业产业支撑体系。

In recent years,the digital economy has become a new driving force and engine for the high-quality economic development.In the context of digital rural construction,digital economy and agricultural industry have continued to integrate with each other.It is of great practical significance to explore whether and how digital economy can enable the high-quality agricultural development.On the basis of theoretical analysis,the authors use the panel data of 30 provinces in China(Hong Kong,Macao,Taiwan,and Tibet are not included in)from 2013 to 2020 to empirically analyze the ways and paths of the high quality development of digital economy enables agriculture.The result shows that digital economy can effectively promote the high-quality development of agriculture and has become the driving force of agricultural development in the new era.The result of heterogeneity analysis shows that the promoting effect of digital economy on the high-quality agricultural development is related to the degree of marketization and the level of urbanization.In regions with high degree of marketization and high level of urbanization,the enabling effect of digital economy on the high-quality agricultural development is more obvious.The result of mechanism test shows that digital economy enables the high-quality development of agriculture by promoting industrial structural transformation and upgrading,which is related to both the advanced industrial structure and the rationalization of industrial structure.Threshold test result shows that the relation between the level of digital economy and the high-quality development of agriculture is not linear in the traditional sense,but with an obvious dual threshold characteristics,namely only after the digital economy has been developed to a certain extent,can the promoting effect on the high-quality agricultural development be demonstrated,and this effect will increase with the further development of the digital economy.In order to make better use of the digital economy to enable the high-quality development of agriculture,it is necessary to encourage digital technology R&D and innovation,build a high-level team of digital talents,and continue to promote the profound integration of digital technology and agriculture;at the same time,it is necessary to further improve rural digital infrastructure construction,create the sound environment for digital economic development,and promote the digital transformation of rural governance;and it is also necessary to smooth out the path of industrial structural transformation and upgrading,and establish the supporting system for agriculture.