智慧农田监测预警平台建设研究

Research on the construction of intelligent farmland monitoring and early warning platform

随着工业化、城市化和农业集约化的快速发展,土壤污染防治工作受到政府的高度重视。本文以三河市为例,为掌握农田土壤污染基本状况及其变化趋势,组织开展了土壤重金属污染状况的监测和评价工作。农业农村局在市域范围内均匀选取179个土壤采样点,采用多点混合的方法对土壤浅层和深层进行采样,重点对土壤pH值和铜、铅、锌、镍、铬、镉、砷、汞8种重金属含量进行检测评价,初步评估了三河市农田pH值及主要重金属含量情况。农田情况进行加密采样,以详实的数据支撑农用地土壤环境质量分类管理工作。同时在河北省率先开发了智慧农田监测预警平台,该平台利用物联网、大数据、云计算等技术,结合重点区域农用地的深度调查数据和实时监测数据,集成基本农田数据、高标准农田建设数据、两区划定数据、农经权数据、最新土地利用调查数据、生态环境数据等多专业、海量异构数据,构建起数据输入、数据建库、查询检索、图形可视化分析、计算评价、辅助决策、共享服务等一体化功能。为保障平台农户信息的准确性、实时性,该平台还开发出农户手机客户端,增加了互动性和实用性。

With the rapid development of industrialization,urbanization and agricultural intensification,the government attaches great importance to the prevention and control of soil pollution.Taking Sanhe City as an example,in order to grasp the basic situation and change trend of farmland soil pollution,the monitoring and evaluation of soil heavy metal pollution were organized.The Bureau of agriculture and rural areas uniformly selected 179 soil sampling points within the scope of the city,and adopted the method of multi-point mixing to sample the shallow and deep layers of the soil,focusing on the detection and evaluation of the soil pH value and the content of eight heavy metals such as copper,lead,zinc,nickel,chromium,cadmium,arsenic and mercury,and preliminarily evaluated the pH value of farmland and the content of main heavy metals in Sanhe City.Intensive sampling of farmland conditions is carried out to support the classified management of soil environmental quality of agricultural land with detailed data.At the same time,it took the lead in developing a smart Farmland Monitoring and early warning platform in Hebei Province.The platform uses Internet of things,big data,cloud computing and other technologies,combined with in-depth survey data and real-time monitoring data of agricultural land in key areas,and integrates multi-disciplinary and massive heterogeneous data such as basic farmland data,high-standard farmland construction data,two area delimitation data,agricultural economic rights data,the latest land use survey data and ecological environment data,The integrated functions of data input,data database building,query and retrieval,graphic visual analysis,calculation and evaluation,auxiliary decision-making,shared services and so on are constructed.In order to ensure the accuracy and real-time of farmers’information,the platform also develops farmers’mobile client,which increases the interactivity and practicability.