2021年全球矿业政策与管理形势分析

Analysis of global mining policies and management of 2021

受新冠肺炎疫情影响,2021年尽管全球经济有所恢复,但是各国复苏程度不同。本文通过对世界各国的矿业法律、法规、政策与管理形势的变化情况进行系统研究,得出如下结论:资源民族主义在全球范围内蔓延并有所加剧。至少有二十个国家或地区涉及到矿法修改,矿法修改热潮可能再次兴起。各国加大了干预和监管力度,持续加强矿业权管理,谋求提高矿业税负水平,获得更多收益。同时,各国更加重视环境、社会和治理的建设,这对矿业公司也是巨大挑战,在绿色低碳发展趋势下,新能源汽车等行业对锂、钴、镍的需求快速增长,关键矿产成为竞争的焦点。矿业激励措施大多致力于刺激投资,以便取得更多的矿产新发现,推进矿产资源开发,应对未来供给不足的状况。

The global economy recovered to some extent,and economic growth varied in different contries in 2021.Through the systematic study of the changes of global mining laws,regulations,policies and management situation,the conclusions are drawn as follows:Resource nationalism has spread and intensified all over the world.At least 20 countries or regions have been involved in the revision of mining laws,and the upsurge of revision of mining laws may rise again.More and more countries have stepped up intervention and supervision,continued to strengthen the management of mining rights,and sought to boost potential tax and royalty returns for governments.Meanwhile,more and more countries demand high level Environment,Society and Governance system,which will bring more challenges for mining companies.Driven by the transition of green and low-carbon energy,critical minerals have become the focus of competition,such as new energy vehicles have increased demand for lithium,cobalt and nickel.Most mining incentives are devoted to stimulating investment,making more new discoveries,and promoting the development of mineral resources to cope with the lack of future demands.