数字基础设施对出口三元边际的影响:来自微观层面的证据

The Impact of Digital Infrastructure on the Three Margins of Export:Evidence from the Micro Level

本文基于2002~2019年222个国家的HS-6位产品出口数据估计了各国出口三元边际,进而通过Heckman两阶段模型探讨数字基础设施对出口三元边际的影响。研究发现,数字基础设施抑制了出口扩展边际的增长,但对价格边际和数量边际产生了积极作用。虽然三者耦合的总效应为负,但这一现象主要发生在发展中国家,数字基础设施改善对发达国家出口贸易发挥了积极作用,且这种影响也因产品异质性存在一定的差异。进一步讨论发现,全要素生产率、经济自由度和创新能力在数字基础设施影响出口三元边际过程中发挥了中介作用,并重点体现在集约边际上。

Based on the export data of HS-6 products from 222 countries from 2002 to 2019,this paper estimates the three margins of export of each country,and then uses the Heckman two-stage model to explore the impact of digital infrastructure on the three margins of export.It is found that digital infrastructure inhibits the growth of export extensive margin,but has a positive effect on price margin and quantity margin.Although the overall effect of the three coupling factors is negative,this phenomenon mainly occurs in developing countries,and the improvement of digital infrastructure plays a positive role in the export trade of developed countries,and this effect is also different due to the heterogeneity of products.Further discussion shows that total factor productivity,economic freedom and innovation ability can play a mediating role in the process of digital infrastructure influencing the triple margin of export,and the intensity margin is mainly reflected in the pro cess.