实习教师实践性知识的形成梳理及其启示--基于小学全科教育专业师范生网络周报中“提问”的数据分析

The Formation of Practical Knowledge of Intern Teachers and Its Enlightenment--Analysis Based on the Data of " Questioning" in the Network Weekly Report of Normal Students Majoring in General Education in Primary Schools

师范生的教育实习一直是研究的“暗箱”,通过实习期间的教学反思,师范生的实践性知识的积累过程可以显性化。在实习教师教学反思数据库中,以“提问”技能为关键词进行检索、梳理总结,可以从相关词句得到实习教师对提问功能、提问方法要求和提问中学生回应情况的思考。这些思考在某种程度上也反映了新入职教师在课堂提问中遇到的共性问题。这个自下而上的教学技能操作理论提炼过程能够给师范院校的教师教育理论课程任课教师和在校师范生呈现归纳性教学理论的生成,其成果也可以作为实习教师返回高校后的教育研习素材,实现理论课程与实践课程的贯通与共生。

The educational practice of normal students has always been the " black box " of research, and the accumulation process of practical knowledge can be manifested through teaching reflection during the practice period. In the database of intern teachers’ teaching reflections, the key word " questioning" is used to search and sort out the relevant words and phrases to obtain the intern teachers’ reflections on the functions of questioning, the requirements of questioning methods and the responses of school students.These reflections, to some extent, reflect the common problems that new teachers encounter in classroom questioning.This bottom-up theoretical refinement process of teaching skills can present the generation of inductive teaching theory to teachers in teacher education theory courses and normal students in normal universities, whose results can also be used as educational research materials for intern teachers after they return to colleges and universities, so as to realize the integration and symbiosis between theoretical and practical courses.