视力下降的机动车驾驶员驾车时戴镜行为研究

Study on the behavior of motor vehicle drivers with impaired vision wearing glasses while driving

目的:调查分析中山市视力下降的机动车驾驶员驾车时佩戴眼镜的行为习惯,旨在为研究视力下降对道路交通事故的影响因素提供依据。方法:对2017年10月—2019年10月至中山市博爱医院进行驾驶员体检的驾驶员,在体检的同时以面对面访谈的问卷调查方式调查视力下降者驾车时佩戴眼镜的行为习惯。结果:共调查驾驶员1537名,在520名裸眼视力下降者中,戴镜者442名(其中32名戴镜后视力仍不合格)。男性视力合格率高于女性(χ^(2)=5.178,P=0.023);戴镜习惯在性别上差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.704,P=0.401),但男女在不良戴镜习惯类别上差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.830,P=0.032);不同年龄组、驾龄组和准驾车型组的戴镜习惯差异均有统计学意义(分别为χ^(2)=14.108,P=0.003;χ^(2)=8.099,P=0.044;χ^(2)=18.620,P=0.001)。结论:在视力下降的驾驶员中,不良戴镜习惯者占29.04%。对于女性、60岁以上老年人、驾龄≤5年和驾龄>15年的驾驶员、AB和E以下车型驾驶员要加强健康指引和监督管理。

Objective:To investigate and analyze the behavior of motor vehicle drivers with impaired vision wearing glasses while driving in Zhongshan city,to provide a basis for studying the influencing factors of visual impairment on road traffic accidents.Methods:Drivers with impaired vision undergoing physical examination in Zhongshan Boai Hospital were selected.The behavior and habits of wearing glasses while driving were investigated by face-to-face interview questionnaire.Results:A total of 1537 drivers were investigated,among 520 people with decreased naked eye vision,442 wore glasses(32 were still unqualified after wearing glasses).The qualified vision rate of male was higher than that of female(χ^(2)=5.178,P=0.023).There was no significant difference in gender in the habit of wearing glasses(χ^(2)=0.704,P=0.401).However,there were significant differences between men and women in the category of bad glasses wearing habits(χ^(2)=8.830,P=0.032).Different age groups,driving age group and quasi-driving type group had significant differences in glasses wearing habits(Chi-square values were:χ^(2)=14.108,P=0.003;χ^(2)=8.099,P=0.044;χ^(2)=18.620,P=0.001).Conclusion:Among the drivers with impaired vision,29.04%had bad habits of glasses wearing.In particular,health guidance and supervision and management should be strengthened for women,older people over 60 years old,drivers with driving experience≤5 years and driving experience>15 years,and drivers with licence A,B and E(and below).