水氮耦合对红小豆光合特性、干物质积累以及产量的影响

Effects of water and nitrogen coupling on photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and yield of Adzuki Bean

为揭示水氮耦合对红小豆光合特性、干物质积累以及产量的影响,以‘保红947’作为材料开展大田试验,设置了4个灌水水平和4个施氮水平,以对照小区田持(75±2)%时进行灌水,灌到田持(95±2)%,灌水量记为I(W3),4个灌水水平分别为W3:100%I、W2:70%I、W1:40%I、W0:0,4个施氮水平为104、80、56、0 kg/hm^(2)。结果表明:施氮量和灌水量均对红小豆生长发育有显著影响,二者的交互作用对红小豆的生长影响相对不显著;在正常灌溉(W3)条件下红小豆的光合特性、干物质积累量以及产量均在处理W3N2(100%田持95%,80 kg/hm^(2))表现最大值,其最大产量为2642.96 kg/hm^(2);在控制灌溉条件(W2、W1、W0)下,W2N3(70%田持95%,104 kg/hm^(2))处理的产量最高,为2401.50 kg/hm^(2),与W3N2处理相差不大,达到了“以肥调水”的作用;在该试验条件下W3N2(100%田持95%,80 kg/hm^(2))产量最高,为适宜的水氮方案,有利于红小豆的生长发育,比其他处理产量增加了9.14%~47.51%。

In order to reveal the influence of water and nitrogen coupling on the photosynthetic characteristics,dry matter accumulation and yield of adzuki beans,a field experiment was carried out with‘Baohong 947’as the material.Four irrigation levels and four nitrogen topdressing levels were set up.The control irrigation was(75±2)%of the field holding,and(95±2)%of the field holding was regarded as I(W3).The 4 irrigation levels was W3:100%I、W2:70%I、W1:40%I、W0:0 and the 4 nitrogen application levels were 104、80、56、0 kg/hm^(2).The results showed that both the amount of nitrogen and irrigation had significant effects on the growth and development of adzuki beans,and the interaction between the two had relatively insignificant effects on the growth of adzuki beans;The photosynthetic characteristics,dry matter and yield of adzuki beans were the highest in the treatment of W3N2(100%field holding 95%,80 kg/hm^(2))showing the maximum yield is 2642.96 kg/hm^(2);Under the controlled irrigation conditions(W2、W1、W0),W2N3(70%field holding 95%,104 kg/hm^(2))treatment yields the highest yield,2,401.50 kg/hm^(2),which is not much different from W3N2 treatment,and achieves the effect of“distilling water with fertilizer”;under this test condition,W3N2(100%field Holding 95%,80 kg/hm^(2))the highest yield,which is a suitable water and nitrogen plan,which is conducive to the growth and development of adzuki beans,and the yield increased by 9.14%-47.51%compared with other treatments.