从“课程育人”、“课程思政”到“全面推进课程思政建设”——“课程思政”建设理念的整体含义与实践路径

From“Course Education”and“Ideological and Political Education in Courses”to“Comprehensively Implementing the Construction of Ideological and Political Education in Courses”—The Overall Definition and Practice Path of the Construction Concepts of“Ideological and Political Education in Courses”

在一般意义上,“课程思政”存在广义的和狭义的区分,后者意味着高等学校教育教学范围内所提出的明确使用了“课程思政”名义的部分,而前者意味着还包括尽管没有使用“课程思政”之名但具有课程思政之实的“中小学学科德育”部分,也就是在一般意义上的学校教育中的课程思政。2020年5月底,教育部发布的《高等学校课程思政建设指导纲要》所使用的“课程思政”的含义,远远大于以前所使用的在“专业思政和课程思政”意义上的“课程思政”的含义,其取代并吸收了以前的“专业思政”的概念,而且将“课程思政”的场域设定,从作为“课堂教学改革”的目标扩展为包含专业建设在内的人才培养、课程设置、课程教学、实践教学、实验实训、课程教学评价乃至本科教育教学评估在内的整个人才培养体系的工作任务和培养目标。“全面推进课程思政建设”,意味着“课程思政”作为意在保障和实现我国高等教育社会主义性质和方向的重要手段将会重塑新时代中国特色社会主义高等教育人才培养的一般目标,从而直接影响并强力拘束所有高校中每个专业的具体人才培养目标。

In a general sense,“ideological and political education in courses”is divided into broad and narrow senses.The latter means the parts that clearly use the name“ideological and political education in courses”in the scope of higher education and teaching.The former means that although it does not use the name“ideological and political education in courses”but has the actual curriculum includes ideological and political part of the“moral education subjects in primary and secondary schools”,that is,the curriculum ideological and political in school education in a general sense.At the end of May 2020,the definition of“ideological and political education in courses”used in the Guideline for the Construction of Ideological and Political Education in Courses at Colleges and Universities issued by the Ministry of Education is far greater than the previous term used in“ideological and political education in major”and“ideological and political education in courses”,which replaces and absorbs the previous concept of“ideological and political education in major”,and it extends the field of“ideological and political education in courses”from the goal of“classroom teaching reform”to the entire talent cultivation system for the major,which includes talent cultivation,curriculum design,course teaching,practice teaching,practical training,course teaching evaluation and the overall evaluation of undergraduate education and teaching.“Comprehensively implementing the construction of ideological and political education in courses”means that“ideological and political education in courses”is functioning as an important means to ensure and realize the socialist nature and direction of Chinese higher education,which is reshaping the general goal of talent cultivation in higher education with Chinese characteristics in the New Era,which will directly influence and significantly restrict the specific talent cultivating goals of each major in all colleges and universities.