环境法典编纂中“环境”“生态”与“资源”概念的关系厘定与展开

Determination and Development of the Relationship among the Concepts of “Environment” “Ecology” and “Resources” in the Compilation of Environmental Code

我国环境立法中存在着对“环境”“生态”与“资源”的长期混乱使用,这是环境立法体系化和环境法典编纂的重要障碍。对现行环境立法中基本概念的规范性分析可以总结出其在法律体系中的生成逻辑,并为环境法典中基本概念的展开提供立法参考和解释学依据。既有环境立法体系中对概念所涉及的基本问题尚未得到体系性解释,环境法典中基础概念的展开应当厘清其规范性意义脉络,区分事实性概念和规范性概念、抽象概念与具体概念以及利益的类型化、利益衡量等问题。环境法典的展开应当以“环境”为抽象概念,法律调整的范围应当由抽象客体转向具体行为,同时对基础概念所承载的利益进行更加精确的识别和调节。

There is a long-term chaotic use of“environment”“ecology”and“resources”in Chinese environmental legislation,which is a huge obstacle to its systematization and the compilation of environmental codes.The normative analysis of the basic concepts in the current environmental legislation can summarize its generation logic in the legal system,and provide legislative reference and hermeneutic basis for their development in the environmental code.Since the basic issues involved in the concepts in the existing environmental legislation system have not been systematically explained,the development of the basic concepts should clarify their normative meanings,distinguish between factual concepts and normative ones,differentiate abstract concepts from specific ones,and analyze the typification and measurement of interests’issues.The development of the environmental code should take“environment”as an abstract concept,and the scope of legal adjustment should be shifted from abstract objects to specific behaviors.Meanwhile,the interests carried by the basic concepts should be identified and adjusted more accurately.