奶牛冷应激研究进展

Research Progress on Cold Stress in Dairy Cows

我国东北地区冬季气候寒冷且漫长,导致奶牛发生冷应激,严重影响奶牛福利以及我国东北地区规模化牧场的生产。冷应激导致奶牛生理指标和行为发生改变,降低产奶量,影响神经-内分泌系统和免疫功能。机器学习技术可利用大量敏感性指标数据集建立奶牛冷应激预测模型。本文综述了奶牛冷应激对生理指标、行为、产奶性能、神经-内分泌系统、免疫功能的影响,总结了机器学习应用于冷应激预测方面的研究现状和展望,以期为奶牛冷应激的进一步研究提供依据,减少规模化牧场生产的损失。

Affected by cold air in winter, the climate in Northeast China is cold and long, which leads to cold stress of dairy cows. Cold stress seriously affects the welfare of dairy cows and production of large-scale pastures in Northeast China. Cold stress leads to change in physiological indexes and behavior, reduces milk yield, and affects neuroendocrine system and immune function. The cold stress prediction model of dairy cows can be established by using a large number of sensitivity index data sets. Therefore, this paper summarizes the effects of cold stress on physiological indexes, behavior, milk production performance, neuroendocrine system and immune function, and summarizes the research status and prospect of the application of machine learning in the prediction of cold stress, in order to provide a basis for the further research of cold stress and reduce the loss of large-scale pasture production.