催乳素及血管抑制素对哺乳动物卵泡发育的调控作用研究进展

Research Progress on the Regulation of Prolactin and Vasoinhibin on Follicular Development in Mammals

哺乳动物卵泡发育主要受到卵巢轴生殖激素的调控。催乳素(PRL)作为经典的生殖激素可通过内分泌途径调控卵泡发育,也可以作为细胞因子对卵泡发育起局部调控作用。高水平的PRL能够抑制促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)和黄体生成素(LH)等激素分泌,从而抑制卵泡发育。近期研究表明,PRL具有促进血管发生的功能,对有腔卵泡发育具有促进作用;而PRL经组织蛋白酶(CTSD、BMP-1和MMPs)裂解可产生血管抑制素(Vi),PRL/Vi的相对水平对血管发生起到重要影响。本文主要对PRL及Vi的结构、分泌、作用机制及其在哺乳动物卵泡发育过程中可能的调节作用进行综述,可为探究动物卵泡发育的调控机制提供参考。

Follicular development in mammals is mainly regulated by reproductive hormones on the ovarian axis. Prolactin(PRL) as a classical reproductive hormone, can regulate follicular development through endocrine pathway and also play a local role in follicular development as a cytokine. High level of PRL inhibits secretion of hormones such as GnRH and LH,which in turn inhibits follicular development. Recent studies have shown that PRL has the function of promoting angiogenesis and promoting the antral follicles development. In addition, the cleavage of PRL by cathepsin(CTSD, BMP-1 and MMPs)can produce vasoinhibin(Vi), and the ratio of PRL/Vi plays an important role in angiogenesis. In this review, the structure and mechanism of PRL and Vi as well as their possible mechanism and regulation in mammalian follicular development were reviewed, which can provide reference for exploring the regulatory mechanism of animal follicular development.