蒲公英对肉仔鸡生长性能、营养物质表观代谢率及消化酶活性的影响

Effects of Dandelion on Growth Performance, Nutrient Apparent Metabolic Rate and Digestive Enzyme Activity of Broilers

试验旨在研究日粮中添加蒲公英对肉仔鸡生长性能、营养物质表观代谢率及消化酶活性的影响。选取160只体重相近、体况良好的1日龄AA肉仔鸡公雏,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复8只鸡,对照组饲喂基础日粮,蒲公英组分别在基础日粮中添加500、1000 mg/kg全株蒲公英粉末,金霉素组添加50mg/kg金霉素,试验期分为前期(1~21d)、后期(22~42d)。结果表明:与对照组相比,500mg/kg蒲公英组前期平均日采食量(ADFI)和耗料增重比(F/G)降低(P<0.05),全期F/G降低(P<0.05),21 d时回肠胰蛋白酶(Try)活性升高(P<0.05),42 d时十二指肠与回肠α-淀粉酶(α-Amy)和空肠脂肪酶(Lip)活性升高(P<0.05);与对照组相比,1000 mg/kg蒲公英组全期F/G降低(P<0.05),21 d时十二指肠α-Amy和Lip、空肠Lip及回肠α-Amy、Lip和Try活性升高(P<0.05),42 d时干物质(DM)和有机物(OM)表观代谢率、十二指肠α-Amy、空肠Lip和糜蛋白酶(Chy)及回肠α-Amy和Lip活性提高(P<0.05)。可见,日粮中添加蒲公英可以提高肉仔鸡的消化酶活性,进而提高营养物质表观代谢率,从而改善肉仔鸡的生长性能,且1000 mg/kg蒲公英组与金霉素组效果更为相近。

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dandelion on growth performance, nutrient apparent metabolic rate and digestive enzyme activity of broilers. A 160 male 1-day-old Arbor Acres(AA) broilers with similar body weight and good physical condition were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 8 chicks per replicate. The control group was fed the basal diet, and dandelion groups were fed the basal diet with 500 and 1000 mg/kg whole dandelion powder, respectively, and chlortetracycline group was fed the basal diet with 50 mg/kg chlortetracycline.The experimental period was divided into early stage(1~21 days) and late stage(22~42 days) consisting of 42 d. The results showed as follows: Compared with the control group, the 500 mg/kg dandelion group showed decreased the average daily food intake(ADFI) and feed consumption to weight ratio(F/G) in d 1~21(P<0.05), decreased F/G in d 1~42(P<0.05), increased the trypsin(Try) activity in the ileum at d 21(P<0.05), and increased the activity of α-amylase(α-Amy) in duodenum and lipase(Lip) in ileum at d 42(P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the 1000 mg/kg dandelion groups exhibited decreased F/G in d 1~42(P<0.05), increased the activity of α-Amy and Lip in duodenum, Lip in jejunum and α-Amy, Lip and Try in ileum at d 21(P<0.05), increased apparent metabolic rates of dry matter(DM) and organic matter(OM), the activity of α-Amy in duodenum, Lip and chymotrypsin(Chy) in jejunum and α-Amy and Lip in ileum at d 42(P<0.05). In conclusion, the addition of dandelion powder in the diet can improve the digestive enzyme activity of broilers, and then improve the apparent metabolic rate of nutrients, so as to improve the growth performance of broilers, and the effect of 1000 mg/kg dandelion group is similar to that of chlortetracyclin group.