参加合作社能否促进粮农的绿色生产技术采纳行为?——基于内生动力和外部约束视角

Can Participation in Cooperatives Promote the Application Behavior of Green Planting Technology by Grain Farmers?——Based on the Perspective of Endogenous Motivation and External Constraints

引导粮农采纳绿色生产技术是保障国家粮食安全的题中之义。本文借助微观数据,基于内生动力和外部约束视角,采用PSM模型解析了合作社参与对粮农绿色生产技术采纳行为的影响效应与作用路径。研究发现:(1)参加合作社对粮农的绿色生产技术采纳行为有显著的正向影响,提升效果约为37.33%;但在不同生产环节合作社的技术推广效果并不一致,从高到低依次为施肥环节44.12%、病虫害防控环节38.69%、秸秆收割环节30.00%。(2)对技术采纳程度的分解结果显示,合作社的技术推广效果一方面得益于提高了粮农的收益预期和生态认知水平,贡献率分别为40.60%、12.50%;另一方面源于缓解了技术采纳所面临的资金和风险约束,贡献率分别为15.60%、23.19%。据此本文提出,政府要支持和引导合作社发展;而合作社在技术推广过程中既要激发粮农的内生动力,又要缓解其面临的外部约束,同时针对不同生产环节制定差异化的技术推广策略。

Guiding grain farmers to apply green planting technology is the key to ensuring national food security.Based on micro data and from the perspectives of endogenous dynamics and external constraints,the PSM model was used to analyze the effects and paths of cooperative participation on green planting technology application behavior of grain farmers.The results show that:(1)Participation in cooperatives can help improve the application behavior of green planting technology among grain farmers,and the improvement effect is about 37.33%.However,the technology popularization effect of cooperatives in different production links is not consistent.From high to low,the fertilization link is 44.12%,the disease and pest control link is 38.69%,and the straw harvesting link is 30.00%.(2)The decomposition of the degree of technology adoption shows that,on the one hand,the technology popularization effect of cooperatives stems from the improvement of the income expectation and ecological cognition level of grain farmers,with the contribution rates of 40.60%and 12.50%respectively;on the other hand,it alleviated the capital and risk constraints faced by grain growers in the application of green planting technology,and the contribution rate was 15.60%and 23.19%,respectively.Therefore,the government should support and guide the development of cooperatives.In the process of technology promotion,cooperatives should not only stimulate the endogenous motivation of grain growers,but also alleviate the external constraints they face.At the same time,differentiated technology promotion strategies should be designed for different production links.