感音神经性听力损失对时域信息感知能力影响的研究

Effects of Sensorineural Hearing Loss on Temporal Processing

目的观察感音神经性听力损失患者调幅感知能力、调频感知能力,探讨感音神经性听力损失对时域信息感知能力的影响。方法选取听力正常(normal hearing,NH)受试者20例(年龄32.00±6.98岁)和感音神经性听力损失(sensorineural hearing loss,SNHL)受试者20例(年龄31.00±7.68岁),使用调幅声和调频声作为刺激声,载波为500 Hz纯音,调制频率为2.5 Hz和20 Hz,分别测试受试者的调幅感知阈值(amplitude modulation detection threshold,AMDT)和调频感知阈值(frequency modulation detection threshold,FMDT),比较两组结果。结果①听力损失及调制速率都是影响AMDT的主要因素,当Fm=2.5 Hz时,SNHL组AMDT(-19.20±3.41 dB)显著低于NH组(-14.21±4.47 dB)(P<0.05);当Fm=20 Hz时,SNHL组AMDT(-28.19±2.85 dB)显著低于NH组(-24.13±2.73 dB)(P<0.05)。②听力损失及调制速率都是影响FMDT的主要因素,当Fm=2.5 Hz时,SNHL组FMDT(5.86±1.27 Hz)显著高于NH组(3.79±1.48 Hz)(P<0.05);而当Fm=20 Hz时,NH组(9.93±2.81 Hz)与SNHL组(13.86±4.38 Hz)之间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论感音神经性听力损失患者使用精细结构信息的能力有所下降,但使用时域包络信息的能力有所增强。

Objective To study the detection ability of amplitude modulation and frequency modulation in patients with sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL),in order to explore the effects of sensorineural hearing loss on temporal processing in patients with sensorineural hearing loss.Methods Two groups of subjects were selected in the present study,including normal hearing group(NH)(n=20,32.00±6.98 years old)and SNHL group(n=20,31.00±7.68 years old).Amplitude-modulated sound and frequency-modulated sound were used as stimuli with carrier frequency of 500 Hz and modulation frequency of 2.5 Hz and 20 Hz,to test the amplitude modulation detection threshold(AMDT)and frequency modulation detection threshold(FMDT).Results①Repeated measurement ANOVA showed that hearing loss and modulation rate were the main factors affecting AMDT(P<0.05).When Fm=2.5 Hz,the AMDT of SNHL group(-19.20±3.41 dB)was significantly lower than that of NH group(-14.21±4.47 dB)(P<0.05).When Fm=20 Hz,the AMDT of SNHL group(-28.19±2.85 dB)was significantly lower than that of NH group(-24.13±2.73 dB)(P<0.05).②The results of repeated measurement ANOVA showed that hearing loss and modulation rate were the main factors affecting FMDT(P<0.05).When Fm=2.5 Hz,the threshold of SNHL group(5.86±1.27 Hz)was higher than that of NH group(3.79±1.48 Hz)(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between NH group(9.93±2.81 Hz)and SNHL group(13.86±4.38 Hz)when Fm=20 Hz(P>0.05).Conclusion The ability of using temporal fine structure in patients with sensorineural hearing loss is decreased,but the ability of using temporal envelope information is enhanced.