金枪鱼鳃的形态结构与氧供给特征研究进展

Morphology and oxygen supply characteristics of gills in tuna:a review

金枪鱼Thunnus是典型快速游泳的大型中上层硬骨鱼类,其游动时需要大量的氧供应,为金枪鱼的快速游泳提供能量。鳃作为金枪鱼气体交换的场所,是保证金枪鱼氧供应的重要器官,本文围绕金枪鱼适应快速游泳过程中鳃的结构与功能,梳理了鳃的形态、表面积、血流模式、水-血屏障厚度等结构及氧供给特征相关研究,综述了金枪鱼鳃应对快速水流冲击的结构适应(鳃的融合、钙化和鳃片层排列)及鳃的逆流交换特点,并针对金枪鱼鳃的形态结构与氧供给研究中存在的问题,从金枪鱼鳃的早期组织发育、细胞功能、适应性进化机制及鳃生理过程与环境因子间的关系等方面提出未来研究发展建议,以期为金枪鱼鳃分子机制研究提供科学参考。

Tuna(Thunnus spp.)as pelagic fish with fast swimming are widely distributed throughout the temperate and tropical epipelagic waters of the world's oceans.They require a large amount of oxygen supply to generate energy for fast swimming via gills as the oxygen supply organ.Focusing on the morphology and function characteristics of the gills during rapid swimming in tuna,this review descries the morphological structure of gills,gills surface area,oblique blood flow pattern and thin water blood barrier thickness structure and oxygen supply characteristics of related research.Further,to elucidate the structural adaptation(gill fusion,calcification,lamellar arrangement of gills)of tuna gills to high-speed water impact and the characteristics of gills countercurrent exchange.The morphological structure and problems in the field of oxygen supply for tuna gills are discussed and some progresses are suggested including the early tissue development of tuna gills,function of gills cells,mechanism of adaptive evolution of gills by bioinformatics and the relationship between tuna gills physiological processes and environmental factors to provide theoretical reference for further studied on the molecular mechanisms of tuna gills.