Anti⁃icing/De⁃icing Mechanism and Application Progress of Bio⁃inspired Surface for Aircraft

生物仿生表面防/除冰机理及在飞机上的应用进展

Icing on the surface of aircraft will not only aggravate its quality and affect flight control,but even cause safety accidents,which is one of the important factors restricting all-weather flight.Bio-inspired anti-icing surfaces have gained great attention recently due to their low-hysteresis,non-stick properties,slow nucleation rate and low ice adhesion strength.These bio-inspired anti-icing surfaces,such as superhydrophobic surfaces,slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces and quasi-liquid film surfaces,have realized excellent anti-icing performance at various stages of icing.However,for harsh environment,there are still many problems and challenges.From the perspective of bioinspiration,the mechanism of icing nucleation,liquid bounce and ice adhesion has been reviewed together with the application progress and bottleneck issues about anti-icing in view of the process of icing.Subsequently,the reliability and development prospect of active,passive and active-passive integrated anti-icing technology are discussed,respectively.

飞机表面结冰不仅会增加飞机质量,影响飞行控制,甚至会造成安全事故,是制约全天候飞行的重要因素之一。仿生防冰表面因其低滞后性、不粘接性、成核速度慢、粘冰强度低等优点,近年来受到广泛关注。这些仿生防冰表面如超疏水表面、注入液体的光滑多孔表面和准液膜表面在结冰的各个阶段都实现了优异的防冰性能。然而,对于恶劣的环境,仍然存在许多问题和挑战。本文从结冰过程出发,从仿生的角度综述了结冰成核、液体反弹和结冰粘附的机理,防结冰的应用进展和瓶颈问题。随后,分别对主动式,被动式,主动、被动式一体化防冰技术的可靠性和发展前景进行了探讨。