线粒体融合和裂变在眼科疾病中的研究进展

Advances in mitochondrial fusion and fission in eye diseases

线粒体是多细胞生命不可缺少的组成部分,通过裂变和融合进行形态上的变化和空间上的重新排列以适应细胞的需求,维持能量平衡。线粒体的这种控制其自身数量、大小、形状和在细胞内的分布特征被称为线粒体动力学。正常情况下,线粒体融合-裂变是平衡的,当细胞早期受到应激时,受损的线粒体首先通过裂变和融合来维持其功能的正常运行。线粒体功能异常可能与细胞的衰老和凋亡密切相关,因此,本文就线粒体动力学包括线粒体裂变和融合在常见眼科疾病中的研究进展进行综述。

Mitochondria are an integral part of multicellular organisms,which change morphologically or rearrange spatially through fission and fusion to adapt to cells and maintain energy homeostasis.Mitochondrial dynamics mean that the mitochondrion can control its number,size,shape,and intracellular distribution.Normally,the fusion-fission of mitochondria is balanced,and when cells are stressed in the early stage,damaged mitochondria undergo fission and fusion first to maintain normal mitochondrial function.Mitochondrial dysfunction has been found to be closely associated with cell senescence and apoptosis.This article reviews the progress of research on the relationship between mitochondrial dynamics(fission and fusion)and eye diseases.