醒脑静联合纳洛酮治疗阿片类药物中毒45例临床观察

Clinical observation of 45 cases of opioid poisoning treated with naloxone combined with Xingnaojing

目的 评价醒脑静联合纳洛酮救治阿片类药物中毒病人的临床效果。方法 选定青海省人民医院2017年1月至2020年12月收治的符合纳入、排除标准的阿片类药物中毒病人90例,在随机数字表法的分组原则下,分观察组(45例,醒脑静联合纳洛酮治疗)、对照组(45例,纳洛酮治疗),比较两组临床疗效、呼吸频率恢复正常时间、苏醒时间、治疗4 h后格拉斯哥昏迷指数评分(GCS)及住院时间。结果 观察组临床总有效率95.56%(43/45)显著高于对照组80.00%(36/45)(P<0.05);观察组轻度、中度、重度中毒病人呼吸频率恢复正常时间及苏醒时间均较对照组短(P<0.05);治疗4 h后评估GCS评分观察组较对照组显著提高(P<0.05),观察组住院时间显著较对照组短(P<0.05)。结论 醒脑静联合纳洛酮治疗阿片类药物中毒病人,较单用纳洛酮者可促进病人呼吸功能及意识状态的恢复、缩短病人住院时间,提高其GCS评分。

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Xingnaojing combined with naloxone in the treatment of patients with opioid poisoning.Methods Ninety patients admitted to Qinghai Provincial People’ s Hospital from January 2017 to December 2020 who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for opioid poisoning were selected and divided into an observation group(45 patients,Xingnaojing combined with naloxone treatment) and a control group(45 patients,naloxone treatment) under the grouping principle of the random number table method.The clinical efficacy,respiratory rate recovery time,consciousness recovery time,Glasgow Coma Index Scale(GCS) score and hospitalization time after 4 h of treatment were compared between groups.Results The total clinical efficiency of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group [95.56%(43/45) vs.80.00%(36/45),P<0.05].The recovery time of respiratory rate and consciousness recovery time of patients with mild,moderate and severe opioid poisoning in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with those in the control group,patients in the observation group had significantly higher GCS scores at 4 h of treatment and shorter lengths of hospital stay(P<0.05).Conclusion The treatment of opioid poisoning with naloxone in combination with Xingnaojing can promote the recovery of respiratory function and consciousness,shorten the length of hospital stay,and improve the GCS scores of patients compared with those treated with naloxone alone.