GPX4在癌细胞中作用的研究进展

Research progress on the role of GPX4 in cancer

癌症是严重影响人类生命健康的恶性疾病,全球每年新发的癌症病例数约有1000万,如何清除转移扩散的癌细胞是医学界一直研究的课题。由于常规的凋亡诱导剂难以通过凋亡清除转移扩散的癌细胞,所以急需新的死亡方式来清除癌细胞。铁死亡是一种新型铁依赖性的非凋亡细胞死亡方式,其特征为细胞内铁诱导的脂质活性氧(ROS)积累引起氧化应激造成细胞死亡。而谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(GPX4)是体内特异性敲除脂质过氧化物的酶,是铁死亡过程中的关键蛋白,通过抑制GPX4诱导癌细胞铁死亡也是影响癌细胞死亡的病理机制。本文综述了GPX4在调节癌细胞铁死亡中的相关进展,并且提出了抑制GPX4可能带来的一些潜在危害,希望为研究GPX4在癌细胞中的作用提供一些基础。

Cancer is a malignant disease that affects human life and health.Every year,there are about 10 million new cancer cases in the world.How to remove metastasized cancer cells is a topic that researchers have been studying.Since conventional apoptotic inducers are difficult to remove metastasized cancer cells through apoptosis,new death modalities are urgently needed to remove cancer cells.Ferroptosis(Ferroptosis)is a novel iron-dependent non-apoptotic cell death,which is characterized by iron induced accumulation of intracellular lipid reactive oxygen species(ROS)and oxidative stress resulting in cell death.Glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)is an enzyme that specifically eliminates lipid peroxides in vivo and is a key protein in the process of ferroptosis.Inhibition of GPX4 induces ferroptosis in cancer cells,which is also a pathological mechanism affecting cancer cell death.This paper reviews the progress of GPX4 in regulating ferroptosis in cancer cells,and puts forward some potential harm of GPX4 inhibition,hoping to provide some basis for studying the role of GPX4 in cancer cells.